Перевод: со всех языков на французский

с французского на все языки

informal economies

  • 1 informal economy

    ECONOMICS travail m au noir

    The European Commission estimates 7-16 percent of the European economy is informal, giving a range of approximately EUR500 billion-1.1 trillion ($448.8 billion to $987 billion) that is effectively a cash economy. The smallest informal economies are estimated to be in Scandinavia, Ireland, Austria and the Netherlands, each at around a very honest, and modest, 5 percent of GDP. But that balloons to over 20 percent in Italy and Greece.

    English-French business dictionary > informal economy

См. также в других словарях:

  • informal economies — informal economy …   Dictionary of sociology

  • Informal economy — In economics, the term informal economy (or second economy in the South African context) refers to all economic activities that fall outside the formal economy regulated by economic and legal institutions. It refers to the general market income… …   Wikipedia

  • informal economy — As used by sociologists, the term refers to non market work, in some cases with the addition of black economy work (which is market work strictly defined). Economists are more likely to use the term as an alternative label for the hidden,… …   Dictionary of sociology

  • Major Economies Forum on Energy and Climate Change — Major Economies Forum on Energy and Climate (MEF) MEF Members  Australia …   Wikipedia

  • G-20 major economies — G20 redirects here. For other uses, see G20 (disambiguation). Group of Twenty Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors   Member countries in the G 20 …   Wikipedia

  • Household electricity approach — The Household Electricity Approach to measuring the size of the underground economy or black market of a country exploits the presumed relationship between household electrical consumption and a country s GDP. It assumes that undeclared economic… …   Wikipedia

  • Service innovation — Business Week, March 29, 2007, stated that Service Innovation is The Next Big Thing .ref|BusinessWeekThe story discusses the not for profit consortium called the [http://www.thesrii.com/index.asp?current=one sub=none Service Research Innovation… …   Wikipedia

  • Venustiano Carranza, D.F. — Venustiano Carranza   Delegación   Venustiano Carranza within the Federal District …   Wikipedia

  • Stuart Henry (criminologist) — Stuart Henry is Professor of Criminal Justice and Director of the School of Public Affairs, San Diego State University. He has also been appointed Visiting Professor of Criminology at the University of Kent s School of Social Policy, Sociology… …   Wikipedia

  • Green Party of England and Wales — Infobox British Political Party party name = Green Party of England and Wales party articletitle = Green Party of England and Wales party leader = Caroline Lucas MEP deputy leader = Cllr. Adrian Ramsay chairman = Cllr. Richard Mallender… …   Wikipedia

  • Teodor Shanin — es un sociólogo nacido en Vilna, Lituania. Profesor de la Universidad de Mánchester, rector de la Escuela de Moscú de Ciencias Económicas y Sociales, miembro de la Academia Rusa de Ciencias Agrícolas. Sus campos de interés son la sociología… …   Wikipedia Español

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Прямая ссылка:
Нажмите правой клавишей мыши и выберите «Копировать ссылку»